Why mobile matters
Google ranks pages based on their mobile version (mobile-first indexing). A page that's hard to use on a phone can rank lower, and visitors leave quickly.
What this checks
The viewport tag (so the page fits the screen and allows zoom), very small inline font sizes, images without width and height (which make the layout jump while loading), heavy HTML, HTTPS and home-screen icons.
It reads the HTML only, so it can't measure tap-target spacing or how the page looks after its CSS loads. Use it as a quick first check.